Electric Current & Circuits

Understanding electric current, resistance, and how circuits work

Topics

How do batteries work?

Batteries work by converting chemical energy into electrical energy through chemical reactions. They contain two electrodes (anode and cathode) separated by an electrolyte, with chemical reactions creating voltage that drives current through circuits.

How do circuits work?

Circuits work by providing a complete path for electric current to flow from a voltage source through components and back. Current flows when the circuit is closed, powering devices and allowing electricity to do work.

What is electric current?

Electric current is the flow of electric charge, typically electrons moving through a conductor. It's measured in amperes (amps) and represents the rate at which charge flows through a circuit.

What is Ohm's law?

Ohm's law states that voltage equals current times resistance (V = I × R). It describes the relationship between voltage, current, and resistance in electrical circuits, showing how these quantities relate.

What is resistance?

Resistance is a material's opposition to electric current flow. It's measured in ohms and determines how much current flows for a given voltage. Higher resistance means less current flows.